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Holy Sign Hotel

The construction of a railway line between Moscow and St Petersburg and the Nicholas Railway Station led to the creation of a large square outside the railway terminus. The plan was adopted (February...

Foundry

One of the first industrial enterprises in the city. Founded on the left bank of the River Neva (1711). Construction of a wooden cannon foundry was headed by engineer Georg Wilhelm de Hennin and then...

Arsenal

The first arsenals were built in the Peter and Paul Fortress, Admiralty Fortress and on Kronstadt (1703–05). Engineer Georg Wilhelm de Hennin designed the Foundry on the left bank of the River Neva (...

Horse Guards Manège

Exercise houses or manèges were intended for training the infantry and cavalry in cold weather and built for guards regiments and military academies. Giacomo Quarenghi built an exercise house for the...

Guards Headquarters

Built by Alexander Brullov (1837–43). Housed the organisation known as the Guards Command Chancellery (late 18th century), Guards General Staff (1817) and Guards Headquarters (1828). Alexander Brullo...

Exercise House

Built by Vincenzo Brenna for military exercises in cold weather on the site of the former house of inventor Andrei Nartov (1797–98). Partially reconstructed by Alexander Brullov when building the Gua...

Little Hermitage

Includes two pavilions joined by a hanging arch. The northern pavilion was designed by Jean-Baptiste-Michel Vallin de la Mothe and built by Georg Friedrich von Veldten (1764–75). Used for the Hermita...

Old Hermitage

Built by Georg Friedrich von Veldten (1770–87). Giacomo Quarenghi designed the Raphael Loggia running along the Winter Canal (1787–92). The first floor was an exact copy of the gallery with Raphael’s ...

Particular Shipyard

Built by Georg Johann Mattarnovi, Nicolaus Friedrich Harbel and Domenico Trezzini on the left bank of the River Fontanka, opposite the Summer Garden (1715–22). Had bypass and internal canals. Intende...

Galerny (Galley) Shipyard

Founded on Admiralty Island downstream the River Neva (1712). Construction of vessels – first rowing boats and small sailing ships and later frigates – began on nearby Galerny (Kalinkin) Island at th...

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